Chiari Malformation

Chiari malformation is a neurological condition where the brain's cerebellum extends into the spinal canal, putting pressure on the brain and spine.

Here is an overview: Types: 1. Chiari I: Most common, cerebellum extends into spinal canal 2. Chiari II: More severe, brain stem and cerebellum extend into spinal canal 3. Chiari III: Rare, cerebellum and brain stem extend through an opening in the skull 4. Chiari IV: Rare, cerebellum doesn't develop properly.

Symptoms: 1. Headaches 2. Neck pain 3. Dizziness or balance problems 4. Numbness or tingling in hands and feet 5. Vision problems 6. Hearing loss 7. Swallowing difficulties 8. Fatigue

Causes: 1. Congenital (present at birth) 2. Genetic mutations 3. Spinal injury or trauma 4. Infections like meningitis 5. Tumors or cysts

Treatment: 1. Surgery to relieve pressure and decompress the spinal cord 2. Posterior fossa decompression 3. Duraplasty (expanding the dura mater) 4. Laminectomy (removing part of the vertebra) 5. Physical therapy and pain management

Complications: 1. Hydrocephalus (fluid buildup in the brain) 2. Syringomyelia (fluid-filled cysts in the spinal cord) 3. Scoliosis or spinal curvature 4. Respiratory problems.

If you are or someone you know is experiencing symptoms or have concerns, consult a Neurosurgeon or Neurologist ASAP for proper evaluation and treatment. 

Author

Paddy Kalish OD, JD and B.Arch