Head and Neck: Vascular (Blood) System

The vascular system in the head and neck is a complex network of blood vessels that play a crucial role in supplying oxygen and nutrients to the brain, eyes, ears, and other vital structures.

Here are some fascinating facts about the vascular system in the head and neck: 1. Blood supply to the brain: The brain receives blood from two main arterial systems: the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries. These arteries branch into smaller vessels, forming a network of blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the brain tissue.

1. Venous drainage: The head and neck have a unique venous drainage system, which includes the jugular veins, sigmoid sinus, and cavernous sinus. These veins collect deoxygenated blood from the brain and return it to the heart.

1. Circle of Willis: The Circle of Willis is a critical structure at the base of the brain that connects the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries. This circle of blood vessels allows for collateral blood flow to the brain in case of an occlusion or blockage.

1. Ophthalmic artery: The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies blood to the eye. This artery plays a vital role in maintaining vision and eye health.

1. Vertebral artery: The vertebral artery arises from the subclavian artery and passes through the neck to supply blood to the brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord. Understanding the vascular system in the head and neck is essential for diagnosing and treating various medical conditions, such as strokes, aneurysms, and vascular malformations.

Author

Paddy Kalish OD, JD and B.Arch